TR
EN
CR
Freight transportation, one of the cornerstones of economic activities worldwide, enables the movement of millions of tons of goods from one place to another every day. The freight transportation process is a business area that requires meticulous planning and continuous improvement in its implementation stages. However, no matter how thoroughly the freight transportation processes are planned, there are several common issues frequently encountered in this sector. In this article, we will examine the common problems in freight transportation and propose potential solutions.
What Are Freight Transport Vehicles?
The vehicles used in the freight transportation process are of great importance for ensuring safe and efficient transportation. Various freight transport vehicles are available according to different types of cargo and transportation conditions, the main ones being:
Trucks: Trucks are the most commonly used vehicles for heavy freight transportation. They come in different types, carrying capacities, and body styles.
Trailers: Typically used for long-distance transport, trailers are preferred for carrying large-volume cargo.
Semitrailers: These are towed by trucks and do not have their own engines. They are designed to carry different types of cargo, with variants including open, closed, and refrigerated types.
Container Ships: These vehicles facilitate the transportation of goods in containers and are usually used for large volumes of cargo.
Cargo Ships: These vessels can carry various types of goods and are used for general freight transportation.
Cargo Planes: Specially designed for freight transportation, these planes are typically used to carry large volumes and heavy loads.
Freight Cars: Commonly used for transporting large and heavy loads, these vehicles have very high capacities.
Container Cars: These are used to transport containers via rail and are widely used in intermodal transportation.
These vehicles can be used individually or together as part of different transportation models. The most important criteria for selecting freight transport vehicles include the nature of the cargo to be transported, the conditions under which the cargo needs to be stored during transport, their weights, and the distance they will travel.
Which Mode of Transportation Is Most Commonly Used in Freight Transportation?
Although different modes of transportation have their own advantages, the most widely used type of freight transportation in the world is road freight transportation. Key reasons for this include flexibility, fast delivery, and a vast transportation network. While other modes of transportation have become more common as a result of globalization, road transportation still stands out as having the most extensive access network. Another advantage of road transportation is cost. Regardless of the volume and weight of the cargo, road transportation allows for a wide range of shipments, from 3.5 tons to 40 tons, using various vehicles.
What Is Road Freight Transportation?
Road freight transportation refers to the movement of goods over road networks using trucks, trailers, and other transport vehicles. As mentioned above, road transportation is the most commonly used type of freight transportation globally. Its ease of use for both urban and intercity transport makes it an indispensable method for short and medium-distance transportation.
What Is Heavy Freight Transportation?
Heavy freight transportation involves the movement of large and heavy loads that exceed certain weight limits using specialized vehicles and equipment. This mode of transportation requires special organization and various permits beyond standard transportation practices. Due to the cargo exceeding standard dimensions in length, width, and height, heavy freight transportation is also known as "oversized cargo transportation." It is commonly used for transporting large machinery and industrial equipment in sectors such as construction, energy, mining, and oil.
What Are the Common Problems Encountered in Freight Transportation?
In the freight transportation process, regardless of how well planning and organization are carried out, it is inevitable to encounter various challenges and issues. In this section, we will address the most frequently encountered problems in this field and alternative solutions.
1. Delivery Delays
The most common issue in freight transportation is delivery delays. External factors such as traffic congestion, weather conditions, and disruptions in customs procedures can prolong delivery times. This negatively impacts customer satisfaction. To resolve this issue, effective time management during the transportation process is necessary. Actions such as determining the optimal route before the process begins, identifying alternative routes, and avoiding congested areas through satellite tracking can be taken. Additionally, if there are delays in customs procedures, employing personnel specialized in these processes and regulations can help prevent delays.
2. Cargo Security and Damage Risk
Another frequent problem encountered during the transportation of goods is the inability to ensure cargo security, leading to damage to the goods. This risk is particularly heightened for sensitive, valuable, and temperature-sensitive goods such as food and pharmaceuticals when inadequate packaging or necessary precautions are not taken. To address this issue, precautions must be taken according to the nature of the cargo, such as selecting appropriate packaging, vehicles, and equipment, and utilizing palletizing or protective packaging. By doing so, the risk of damage can be minimized, thus preventing financial losses and negative customer experiences.
3. High Logistics Costs
Fluctuations in fuel prices, increases in vehicle maintenance costs, customs duties, and insurance are factors that contribute to rising freight transportation costs. This creates a significant financial burden, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises. To tackle this issue, optimization in transportation processes is the most critical action. One of the primary measures transportation companies can take in this regard is route optimization. This way, costs can be reduced by saving on fuel and time. Additionally, by using partial freight transportation, multiple customers' loads can be transported in the same vehicle, allowing for efficient use of loading space and sharing transportation costs, ultimately reducing costs per customer.
4. Insufficient Communication and Tracking Systems
During freight transportation, inadequate communication between the carrier and the customer emerges as another issue. Problems such as incorrect and incomplete information can lead to disruptions in the delivery process. The ineffective use of tracking systems complicates knowing exactly where the shipment is located. Similarly, if tracking systems are not utilized efficiently, updates to the customer regarding the process will be lacking, preventing transparent process management. The solution to this problem lies in the optimal use of tracking systems like GPS, allowing for real-time monitoring of the cargo’s location and effective communication with the customer. Additionally, improving the customer service processes of the transportation company through regular reporting will support process transparency and enhance customer satisfaction.
5. Legal and Administrative Barriers
Especially in international freight transportation, various problems can arise due to differing customs procedures in each country. Mandatory documents, commercial regulations, and changes in legislation can result in deficiencies in information, documentation, and processes. In this context, transportation companies must closely monitor the relevant laws, customs rules, and regulations of the countries in which they operate. A transportation company does not merely transport goods from one place to another; it must also guide its customers in the field of international freight transportation, ensuring that all necessary documents are completed and that operations comply with regulations. A well-functioning international transportation company will not encounter problems during cross-border transitions.
In addition to these, transportation companies may face challenges such as delays in vehicle maintenance, breakdowns, socio-political climate issues, and terrorism. Actions such as timely fleet maintenance and communication with local authorities and security forces can help overcome these barriers. Depending on the nature of the issue, insurance can often provide security for both the transportation company and the customer.
In conclusion, transporting goods from one place to another has become an integral part of daily life. In response to the increasing and diversifying demands of consumers, significant changes and developments have occurred in all freight transportation methods, especially in recent years due to the influence of technology. The growth in volume in this field necessitates that transportation companies proactively address the challenges they frequently encounter and develop alternative solutions. In this context, it is essential for transportation companies to improve their processes to ensure customer satisfaction, optimize operations, and prevent financial losses.
TackLog, one of the youngest logistics companies in Izmir, offers transportation, storage, and distribution services across Türkiye under the assurance of Asmira Group. Operating on the principles of timely and safe delivery, the company has brought the unique Asmira service into the logistics sector and continues to be a reliable business partner with its value-adding operations. For detailed information about TackLog, our services, and contact details, please visit: asmiragroup.com